Lebanon processes energy storage vehicles

Is there a black market for LPG vehicles in Lebanon?

In fact, the absence of government planning and a national strategy for sustainable transport, as is currently the case in Lebanon, has already led to the emergence of a black market for illegally retrofitting vehicles with primitive LPG technology, especially by operators of taxis and minivans seeking to reap the energy cost saving benefits.

What is the transportation sector like in Lebanon?

The transportation sector in Lebanon is currently dominated by gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) which continue to increase at a high rate, from 450,000 vehicles in 1994 to 1,350,000 in 2012 ( MOE/URC/GEF, 2012 ), with automotive gasoline consumption seeing an increase of approximately 25% since 2006 ( MoE/UNDP/GEF, 2015 ).

Are alternative fuel vehicles feasible in the Lebanese case?

The study considers the energy use, GHG and criteria pollutant emissions and economic costs for conventional and potentially feasible alternative fuel vehicle pathways for the Lebanese case in order to inform transition strategies to alternative fuels over the near, medium and long-terms.

Are biofuel ICEVs a viable alternative fuel option for Lebanon?

Results showed that high-blending ethanol and locally converted biodiesel from waste cooking oil are feasible alternative fuel options for Lebanon in the near term (2020), however biofuel ICEVs offer only moderate (<20%) improvements in energy use-to-CO2 emissions relative to the 2015 model gasoline ICEV technology.

Why are energy storage systems being integrated in MENA?

The pace of integration of energy storage systems in MENA is driven by three main factors: 1) the technical need associated with the accelerated deployment of renewables, 2) the technological advancements driving ESS cost competitiveness, and 3) the policy support and power markets evolution that incentivizes investments.

What incentives are available in Lebanon?

Several government incentive schemes were reviewed and evaluated for the case of Lebanon. The most applicable incentives are mainly those intended to reduce the vehicle purchase and ownership costs in the near term, thereby encouraging the creation of a market for alternative fuel technologies.